//
// Created by leiyan on 2017/6/29.
//

/*
pthread_create (thread, attr, start_routine, arg)
参数	描述
thread	指向线程标识符指针。
attr	一个不透明的属性对象，可以被用来设置线程属性。您可以指定线程属性对象，也可以使用默认值 NULL。
start_routine	线程运行函数起始地址，一旦线程被创建就会执行。
arg	运行函数的参数。它必须通过把引用作为指针强制转换为 void 类型进行传递。如果没有传递参数，则使用 NULL。
*/

/*
#include <iostream>
// 必须的头文件是
#include <pthread.h>

using namespace std;

#define NUM_THREADS 5

// 线程的运行函数
void* say_hello(void* args)
{
    cout << "Hello Runoob！" << endl;
}

int main()
{
    // 定义线程的 id 变量，多个变量使用数组
    pthread_t tids[NUM_THREADS];
    for(int i = 0; i < NUM_THREADS; ++i)
    {
        //参数依次是：创建的线程id，线程参数，调用的函数，传入的函数参数
        int ret = pthread_create(&tids[i], NULL, say_hello, NULL);
        if (ret != 0)
        {
            cout << "pthread_create error: error_code=" << ret << endl;
        }
    }
    //等各个线程退出后，进程才结束，否则进程强制结束了，线程可能还没反应过来；
    pthread_exit(NULL);
}*/

/*


#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <pthread.h>

using namespace std;

#define NUM_THREADS     5

void *PrintHello(void *threadid)
{
    // 对传入的参数进行强制类型转换，由无类型指针变为整形数指针，然后再读取
    int tid = *((int*)threadid);
    cout << "Hello Runoob! 线程 ID ：" << tid << "\n" << endl;
    pthread_exit(NULL);
}

int main ()
{
    pthread_t threads[NUM_THREADS];
    int indexes[NUM_THREADS];// 用数组来保存i的值
    int rc;
    int i;
    for( i=0; i < NUM_THREADS; i++ ){
        cout << "main() : 创建线程, " << i << "\n" << endl;
        indexes[i] = i; //先保存i的值
        // 传入的时候必须强制转换为void* 类型，即无类型指针
        rc = pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, PrintHello, (void *)&(indexes[i]));
        if (rc){
            cout << "Error:无法创建线程," << rc << endl;
            exit(-1);
        }
    }
    pthread_exit(NULL);
}*/

/*
//向线程传递参数
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <pthread.h>

using namespace std;

#define NUM_THREADS     5

struct thread_data{
    int  thread_id;
    char *message;
};

void *PrintHello(void *threadarg)
{
    struct thread_data *my_data;

    my_data = (struct thread_data *) threadarg;

    cout << "Thread ID : " << my_data->thread_id;
    cout << " Message : " << my_data->message << endl;

    pthread_exit(NULL);
}

int main ()
{
    pthread_t threads[NUM_THREADS];
    struct thread_data td[NUM_THREADS];
    int rc;
    int i;

    for( i=0; i < NUM_THREADS; i++ ){
        cout <<"main() : creating thread, " << i << endl;
        td[i].thread_id = i;
        td[i].message = "This is message";
        rc = pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, PrintHello, (void *)&td[i]);
        if (rc){
            cout << "Error:unable to create thread," << rc << endl;
            exit(-1);
        }
    }
    pthread_exit(NULL);
}*/



//以下两个函数来连接或分离线程：
//pthread_join (threadid, status)
//pthread_detach (threadid)

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>

using namespace std;

#define NUM_THREADS     5

void *wait(void *t)
{
    int i;
    long tid;

    tid = (long)t;

    sleep(1);
    cout << "Sleeping in thread " << endl;
    cout << "Thread with id : " << tid << "  ...exiting " << endl;
    pthread_exit(NULL);
}

int testMutiThread ()
{
    int rc;
    int i;
    pthread_t threads[NUM_THREADS];
    pthread_attr_t attr;
    void *status;

    // 初始化并设置线程为可连接的（joinable）
    pthread_attr_init(&attr);
    pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE);

    for( i=0; i < NUM_THREADS; i++ ){
        cout << "main() : creating thread, " << i << endl;
        rc = pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, wait, (void *)&i );
        if (rc){
            cout << "Error:unable to create thread," << rc << endl;
            exit(-1);
        }
    }

    // 删除属性，并等待其他线程
    pthread_attr_destroy(&attr);
    for( i=0; i < NUM_THREADS; i++ ){
        rc = pthread_join(threads[i], &status);
        if (rc){
            cout << "Error:unable to join," << rc << endl;
            exit(-1);
        }
        cout << "Main: completed thread id :" << i ;
        cout << "  exiting with status :" << status << endl;
    }

    cout << "Main: program exiting." << endl;
    pthread_exit(NULL);
}
